Embryo swapping: "Human error, protocols are safe."

Following recent cases of sample mix-ups during assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures in Milan and Naples, embryologist Federico Favero, laboratory manager at Arcster, wanted to reassure everyone about the reliability and safety of these techniques.

According to the most up-to-date data from the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), the probability of error in the exchange of gametes or embryos is extremely low, estimated between 0,001 and 0,002 percent.

The aviation model for traceability in laboratories

Favero explains that the management of embryology laboratories follows a safety model comparable to that of civil aviation, characterized by continuous traceability and rigorous controls. This involves not only technical procedures such as oocyte observation or embryo evaluation, but also a continuous process of verifying the identity of the biological samples involved, which pass through multiple stages during processing.

Overcoming the Concept of "Human Error": The Importance of Near Misses

The embryologist warns against the temptation to attribute responsibility exclusively to so-called "human error," highlighting how this view can hinder in-depth analysis of the causes and, consequently, the improvement of protocols.

A safety culture that does not punish but encourages the reporting and investigation of "near misses"—i.e., anomalies detected before they cause damage—is essential for strengthening processes and preventing future incidents.

Communication and transparency for the growth of the sector

Favero also emphasizes that the way these incidents are communicated, including through the media, can significantly impact the progress of assisted reproduction practices. Transparency and a constructive approach can transform exceptional events into growth opportunities for all centers involved in assisted reproduction.